الدرس الرابع . lesson 4 __ ( النقطتان : , colons )

 

Colons ( : )  ============ النقطتان

Colons can be used to introduce new information, quotations or a list of things.

  النقطتان تستخدمان لتقديم : المعلومات الجديدة او الاسئلة او لائحة من الاشياء

exercise   تمرين 

Hi Damien

Hope you had a good day at school : darling—not long to your exams.

I’ve just found out that your father and I have to go to a movie premiere, so we won’t be here when you get home from school. Anyway, if you can just do these few things that would be great.

Go to the supermarket and buy  cat litter, bran flakes, detergent, coffee, milk, butter, bread, pizza, toilet paper, spaghetti, muesli bars, soap, crumpets, birdseed, cheese, marmalade, steak, sausages, chocolate cake mix and bananas.

Household chores scrub the bathroom, mow the lawn, mop the floor, dust, unload the dishwasher, make the beds and rake the leaves.

Your brother didn’t get a chance to do his chores so if you could  de-flea the cat, wash the dog and clean out the budgie’s cage that would be great.

Thanks darling—don’t forget to do your homework.

Be back 12ish.

Love

Mum xxx

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correct answer

 الجواب الصحيح 

Hi Damien

Hope you had a good day at school darling—not long till your exams.

I’ve just found out that your father and I have to go to a movie premiere, so we won’t be here when you get home from school. Anyway, if you can just do these few things that would be great.

Go to the supermarket and buy: cat litter, bran flakes, detergent, coffee, milk, butter, bread, pizza, toilet paper, spaghetti, muesli bars, soap, crumpets, birdseed, cheese, marmalade, steak, sausages, chocolate cake mix and bananas.

Household chores: scrub the bathroom, mow the lawn, mop the floor, dust, unload the dishwasher, make the beds and rake the leaves.

Your brother didn’t get a chance to do his chores, so if you could: de-flea the cat, wash the dog and clean out the budgie’s cage,  that would be great.

Thanks darling—don’t forget to do your homework.

Be back 12ish.

Love

Mum xxx

الدرس الثاني (commas . الفواصل )

 

*2 - commas  ====== الفواصل

1 - Commas are used to separate words, phrases or clauses. They are used to indicate a short pause.

تستخدم الفواصل لفصل الكلمات و العبارات او البنود. وهي تستخدم للاشارة الى افضلية القيام بوقفة قصيرة اثناء الكلام 

 2 - Commas act as pauses and they can be used to separate independent statements which are linked by: 

for, and, nor, but, or, yet and so.

  we must add it before them.

يجب فهم الفواصل على انها فواصل زمنية ووقفات ومن الممكن ان تستخدم لفصل العبارات المستقلة المرتبطة بواسطة : for, and, nor, but, or, yet and so. يجب اضافة الفاصلة قبل هذه الكلمات .

Now read these examples and consider how commas are used to separate different parts of the sentences:

و الان اقراء الامثلة التالية و تفكر كيف استخدمة الفواصل لفصل المقاطع المختلفة من الجملة 

Jenny said she would buy me the tickets, but she hasn't shown them to me at all.

I am buying a new car, but l won't pick it up for another month.

I am going to the party, so l don't expect to come home before midnight!

I have never read Shakespeare, nor has my friend Emma.

She picked the whole crate up in one go, for she is an athlete and l am not.

Would you like some cake, or would you prefer fruit?

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